As an extracellular copper-dependent monoamine oxidase, Lysyl oxidase (LOX) catalyzes the crosslinking of collagen and elastin proteins into insoluble mature fibers to contribute tensile strength of collagen fiber and elasticity of elastin fiber 15,16,34,36,37,38
This characteristic contributes to maintaining the integrity of vascular structures
Animal studies demonstrate reduced behavioral indicators of stress with DSIP administration
Iron overload can induce profound mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by impaired mitochondrial respiration, elevated mtROS production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and mitochondrial swelling [84, 85]
The specific mechanism will be discussed in the following sections