The Gut-Brain Axis and the Vagus Nerve The GLP-1 produced in the intestines after a meal also plays a role in suppressing eating, likely through different circuits than those GLP-1-expressing neurons found in the brain stem
Imaging, physical exam findings, pain pattern, strength, range of motion, and function may matter more than bloodwork for local injuries
Evidence & regulatory status Evidence: weak and contested the foundational sleep-inducing effect described in 1970s animal studies has not been reliably replicated in controlled human research
Davinelli S, Saso L, DAngeli F, et al
The esca disease is a devastating, but still poorly understood fungal disease of grapevine trunks