A 2025 review by Jozwiak and colleagues surveys the peptides multifunctionality and possible medical applications (PMC11859134), and is a useful map of what has and has not been established
However, plants exposed to varied metals (such as Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn) can accumulate and synthesize different N-containing metabolites including Pro, amino acids, and oligopeptides, betaine, PAs, and NA
Substrate specificity for protein phosphatases can be classified into two major groups, serine/threonine phosphatase and tyrosine phosphatase (Luan, 1998)
Conversion to estradiol via aromatase bone health, mood regulation, libido
Antioxidant-rich fruits like avocados and berries