In the exploration/exploitation framework, the fact that mice continue to visit targets with the lowest reward probability in each of the gambles, despite intensive learning, can reflect (i) exploratory noise, generally modeled via decreased value sensitivity (or increased randomness) in the softmax model, (ii) directed exploration, if one considers that mice continue to explore locations associated with low reward probability to reduce the uncertainty associated with probabilistic omission and gain information of task contingencies, and (iii) uncertainty-seeking, which is neither really explorative nor exploitive, but considers that mice simply attribute a positive value to expected uncertainty, like a bonus for playing or gambling
Unfortunately, thats not the case
The FDA has concluded that exposure to harmful substances when using this device is significantly reduced compared to cigarettes
This signal-to-noise concept serves as a metaphor for medical uncertainty in general, where getting it wrong can lead to lawsuits or unnecessary deaths on the one hand, and brutal, wholly unnecessary interventions on the other
Everyone seems to be carrying guns, even the women