Tumour redox state, hypoxia, and acidosis imaging Tumour microenvironmental characteristics such as hypoxia, altered redox balance, and extracellular acidosis have emerged as central determinants of tumour aggressiveness, metastatic potential, and therapeutic resistance (181, 182)
This interplay is partially mediated by neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene receptor peptide (CGRP), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and/or cortical spreading depression (CSD) and involves oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome formation, activated microglia, and reactive astrocytes
Addresses inflammatory component without complexity of multi-peptide stacks
We have summarized the resistance of GH and IGF1 signaling pathways to radiotherapy, which is not conducive to treatment, but a large number of studies have shown that they have recovery effect on the damage of adjacent tissues post-radiotherapy
Secondly, SIRT1 can regulate the production and release of inflammatory mediators, for example, by inhibiting the activation of NF-B, thereby reducing the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators (Ren et al., 2019)