Technical Information INCI Name: Copper Tripeptide-1 Common Name: GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) Appearance: Bright blue to deep-blue fine powder Chemical Composition GHK-Cu is a copper-binding tripeptide complex composed of: Glycine L-Histidine L-Lysine Copper ions (Cu) Molecular Formula: CHNOCu Solubility: Water soluble Recommended Cosmetic Applications Suitable for cosmetic formulations including: Serums Creams Gel formulations Scalp formulations Cosmetic skincare applications Grade: Cosmetic-Grade Raw Powder Storage Guidelines Store in a cool, dry environment Protect from direct sunlight and excessive heat Keep container tightly sealed between uses Avoid moisture exposure during handling For Cosmetic Formulation and Research Use Only Not for injection or human consumption
Study 2: Pickart 2012, complete review of mechanisms Citation: Pickart L., Vasquez-Soltero J.M., Margolina A
Each may help researchers formulate better questions, but none supplies the size, controls, dosing range, follow-up, or replication expected for a reliable treatment conclusion
It is released from the extracellular matrix during tissue injury specifically cleaved from SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) and the alpha 2(I) chain of type I collagen.[2] Age-related decline: Plasma concentration declines from approximately 200 ng/mL (10 M) at age 20 to roughly 80 ng/mL by age 60
NAC is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine and is primarily valued as a precursor to glutathione